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Item Open Access Sexual selection on non-ornamental traits is underpinned by evidence of genetic constraints on sex-biased expression in dusky pipefish(2024) Tosto N; Rose E; Mason H; Mank J; Flanagan, SarahSpecies without dimorphic secondary sex characteristics easily visible to humans, such as diference in size or morphology, are expected to experience low levels of sex-specifi c selection. However, monomorphism in classic visible traits could be a result of genetic or physiological constraints that prevent the sexes from reaching divergent fi tness optima. Additionally, biochemical and molecular work has revealed a variety of less easily observed phenotypes that none-the-less exhibit profound dimorphism. Sex- specifi c selection could act on these more subtle, less visible, traits. We investigate sex-specifi c selection in the polygynandrous dusky pipe sh (Syngnathus oridae), which lacks size, color, and morphological dimorphism. Using experimental breeding populations, we revealed that although males and females have similar opportunities for sexual selection, only males experience signi ficant sexual selection pressures on body size. We also investigated patterns of sex-biased and sex-specifi c gene expression in gonads, livers, and gills, and tested whether genes with highly divergent expression patterns between the sexes are more likely to be tissue specifi c, and therefore relieved of genetic constraints. We. Sex-bias in gene expression was widespread, although the reproductive organs had the most sex-biased and sex-specifi c genes. Sex-specifi c selection on gene expression in gills was primarily related to immune response, whereas the liver and gonads had a wide variety of cellular processes, as well as reproductive proteins, showing sex-biased expression. These sex-biased genes are likely less constrained by pleiotropy, as they were more organ-speci fic in their expression patterns. Altogether, we nd evidence for ongoing and historical sex-specifi c selection in the dusky pipe sh.Item Open Access Why the Indo-Pacific needs a self-confident America(Institute for Indo-Pacific Affairs, 2024) Tan, Alex; Vanvari NItem Open Access Mākū: te hā o Haupapa: Moisture, the breath of Haupapa(2023) Marks S; Randerson J; Shearer R; Bull R; Purdie, HeatherItem Open Access After the hype: what can AI really do for human-robot interaction?(2024) Bartneck, ChristophArtificial Intelligence promise to improve many aspects of our lives. The current hype, in particular around Large Language Model, raises the questions what of these bold visions of the future is science and what is fiction. AI is not new in HRI. For many decades researchers used it to enable robots to better interact with humans. In this episode I talked with Julie Adams and David Kaber about what AI can really do for HRI.Item Open Access New Zealand’s Economic Security Dilemma: International Pressures, Domestic Constraints(Institute for Indo-Pacific Affairs, 2024) Tan, Alex; Vanvari NItem Open Access Item Open Access Lost voices: ethnic diversity in the New Zealand parliament will decline after the 2023 election(2023) Tan, Alex; Vanvari NItem Open Access Reading the tea leaves: Taiwan's November 2022 ‘midterm’ elections(9DashLine, 2023) Tan, Alex; Kumar MItem Open Access American democracy: the poster child of what exactly?(Stuff.co.nz, 2022) Mills K; Tan, AlexItem Open Access Cyclic Heat Transfer Solver for OpenFOAM(OpenCFD Ltd, 2023) Coe, Michael; Holland, DanielChannels with periodically repeating geometries are often simulated using periodic or cyclic boundary conditions. By calculating the temperature and flow field in one periodic module, the resulting distributions can be generalized to multiple modules. This reduces the computational load by simulating a single module versus the whole structure. This is a particularly useful approach when performing large optimisation studies of periodic geometries, such as compact heat exchangers. Currently, OpenFOAM only supports cyclic boundary conditions for pressure and momentum, but not heat transfer. The present work introduces a steady and an unsteady solver for cyclic heat transfer with constant wall temperature boundary conditions. The solver is validated against analytical Hagen-Poiseuille flow and two configurations of periodic wavy channels. In the latter case, the results are compared to existing literature.