Science: Chapters and Books
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Item Open Access Effects of agriculture on water quality(New Zealand Freshwater Sciences and Hydrological Societies, 2016) Scarsbrook , Mike; McIntosh, Angus; Wilcock , Bob; Matthaei , Christoph; Jellyman PG; Davie TJA; Pearson CP; Harding JSIn this chapter we review the growing understanding of agriculture as a major pressure on New Zealand freshwater systems, summarize current knowledge of the response of freshwater systems to this pressure with an emphasis on water quality, and discuss how the effects of agriculture can be mitigated and degraded waterbodies rehabilitated. We also predict where future pressures will manifest themselves and identify possible outcomes arising from rehabilitation efforts in agricultural catchments.Item Open Access Shame as a compromise for humiliation and rage in the internal representation of abuse by loved ones: Processes, motivations and the role of dissociation.(Routledge, 2018) Dorahy, Martin; Middleton W; Sachs A; Dorahy MJThis paper examines one particular way a person abused may come to internally position themselves and the abuser to understand their abuse experience. It is based on a differentiation and exploration of the dynamic relationship between shame and humiliation associated with complex feelings the abused has to the abuser. Humiliation is described as denoting the naked self exposed by another, while shame is described as denoting the naked self exposed to another. From this lens abusive events are conceived as humiliating experiences that come to be represented as shame experiences. Shame is argued to cover over humiliation in order to separate the abused from their internal representation of the abuser (i.e., conceal the self-other object-relationship). This process is facilitated by dissociation and serves several functions, including cloaking hostile feelings towards the abusive (though loved) object. Shame, with the assistance of dissociation, becomes a compromise formation. It punishes the self for the initial humiliation rage directed at the object, it protects the object from further attack and blame for the abuse, and obscures awareness of the rage felt towards the object as well as the reparatory guilt possible from it. Dissociation maintains this position by isolating the interpersonal field; the self and object, from the narrative of abuse events. The potential for freedom comes from eroding dissociation, leaving the shame bubble, entertaining the abusive (though loved) object as etiologically significant, and facing the humiliation and humiliation rage that provides the path to reparatory guilt.Item Open Access The Psychology of Avicenna : An English Version of the Liber de Anima(Simon Kemp, 2023) Kemp, SimonPreface Ibn Sina, or Avicenna as he was known in Christian Europe, wrote many books, including some about psychology. His main work on psychology is in Arabic. It was translated into Latin as the Liber de Anima by Dominicus Gundissalinus and Ibn Dawud in the last half of the twelfth century. To the best of my knowledge, there has been no translation into any other language. It seemed to me odd that this important book about psychology had no English translation, as English, for better or worse, is unquestionably the language of present-day psychology. Hence, very reluctantly, I decided to attempt it myself. The main part of this book is a translation from the Latin of the Liber de Anima, not from the original Arabic. This is mainly because I cannot read Arabic. However, Gundissalinus’s Latin version, produced around 1150 CE, is important in itself because of its great influence on thinking about psychology in Christian Europe. Gundissalinus’s Latin translation has appeared in a two-volume critical edition, and my English version is based on that text. There are also critical editions of the work in Arabic dating back to the 1950s. If someone were to prepare an English translation from these, I, at least, would welcome it. It would be interesting to know what Gundissalinus and I have got wrong. However, to date no one has undertaken this task, although it has been possible for many years. In the meantime, I offer this version, thinking that Avicenna’s major historical contribution to psychology ought to be more widely available, and particularly to people interested in psychology. I think Avicenna was one of the world’s great psychologists and what he wrote is interesting and important. Many people helped me in this work. I should particularly mention Usman Afzili, who immediately saw the point of the project, and Chris Jones, whose early enthusiasm for it was decisive in my undertaking it at all. Lisa Rolston made helpful comments. A number of other colleagues at the University of Canterbury showed much more interest in the ideas than I had expected. Samantha Armitage and Aimee Claasens were of great help with marketing. My thanks are due to Talya Wilson for the cover design. Nicky Morton read and commented on much of the work. Finally, my wife, Cora Baillie, read an entire early draft, advised on a number of issues, and helped me to improve the sense.Item Open Access The psychology of Avicenna : an English version of the Liber de Anima.(Simon Kemp, 2023) Kemp, SimonA thousand years ago, Ibn Sina, or Avicenna as he was later known in Europe, wrote one of the all-time most important and influential books on psychology. He wrote it in Arabic. It was translated into Latin a hundred and fifty years later, but until now there has been no English version, and so it has been unavailable to many people interested in psychology. The book covers a wide range of topics, from mathematics to mysticism, from biology to moral philosophy, but the major focus is on how we perceive and think about the world. Some of his theories foreshadow recent psychology. For example, his account of perception and memory follows an information-processing model. He uses this model to explain hallucinations, and how we often reconstruct rather than remember past events. On the other hand, some theories are very different. His account of vision, although explaining many everyday phenomena, is quite unlike the present-day one. The book is historically important because of its great influence on medieval and early modern thinking about psychology. But many of the ideas are still relevant and thought-provoking today.Item Open Access Children learning about dementia: Using gist translations to clarify adult opinions.(De Gruyter Mouton, 2022) Maclagan M; Davis BH; Kuo C-Y; Diaz BA; Schrauf RWItem Open Access The Value of a Policy-Responsive Research Funding Model: The Geohealth Laboratory Collaboration in New Zealand(2021) Marek L; Hobbs M; Wilson M; Campbell, Malcolm; Kingham, Simon; Rajabifard A; Foliente G; Paez DThis book chapter discusses the GeoHealth Laboratory (GHL) research model that is based on a relationship contract funding model. The GHL aims to be a collaboration that builds a strategic partnership between two parties, the University of Canterbury (UC) and the New Zealand Ministry of Health (MoH) around health geography, spatial epidemiology, and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Further, the GHL seeks to produce high-quality research (i.e. journal articles) and policy-relevant outputs (e.g. in the form of plain English reports) in the fields of health and GIS. The chapter discusses the nature of the relationship and funding model, with examples of research from the annual research programme. We conclude by showing the importance of flexibility in research funding models, using emerging exemplars of research related to the COVID-19 response in New Zealand.Item Open Access Tolerance and being tolerated: State of the field, challenges, and future directions(2022) Yogeeswaran, Kumar; Adelman, Levi; Smeekes A; Thijs JItem Open Access Cass : history and science in the Cass district, Canterbury, New Zealand(Department of Botany, University of Canterbury, 1977) Burrows, C. J. (Colin James)The Cass Field Station of the University of Canterbury was first built in 1914 among the mountains of the upper Waimakariri River Basin and this volume covers the history of the Station and the Cass district, including the farming endeavour there. Other articles, written by authors eminent in their fields, describe the geology, geomorphology, soils, climate, and the biology and ecology of the various vegetation types and animal habitat types. Although the data summarizes sixty years of natural science in the area, much new information is included in each article. Seldom has any locality of comparable size in New Zealand been as well studied as the area around Cass but most of the articles ·give prominence to the need for further study. Extensive annotated check lists of the flora and fauna are given and there is a list of all theses and publications which have been based on work in the vicinity of the Station. This volume is an important contribution to natural science in the South Island mountains and is recommended to interested laymen, students and research scientists.Item Open Access Caring labour: Redistributing care-work(Edward Elgar Publishing, 2020) Dombroski K; Gibson-Graham JK; Dombroski KTheorizing and illustrating diverse, more-than-capitalist economies, this broad-ranging Handbook presents ways in which it is possible to imagine and enact other ways of being.Item Open Access Working with Indigenous methodologies: Kaupapa Māori meets diverse economies(Edward Elgar Publishing, 2020) Waitoa J; Dombroski K; Gibson-Graham JK; Dombroski KTheorizing and illustrating diverse, more-than-capitalist economies, this broad-ranging Handbook presents ways in which it is possible to imagine and enact other ways of being.Item Open Access Seeing Diversity, Multiplying Possibility: My journey from post-feminism to postdevelopment with JK Gibson-Graham(Palgrave Macmillan, 2016) Dombroski, Kelly; Harcourt WItem Open Access The Diverse Economy: Feminism, Capitalocentrism, and Postcapitalist Futures(Edward Elgar, 2018) McKinnon, Katharine; Dombroski, Kelly; Morrow, Oona; Elias J; Roberts AItem Open Access Introduction to diverse economies: Inventory as ethical intervention(Edward Elgar Publishing, 2020) Gibson-Graham, J.K.; Dombroski, Kelly; Gibson-Graham, J.K.; Dombroski, KellyTheorizing and illustrating diverse, more-than-capitalist economies, this broad-ranging Handbook presents ways in which it is possible to imagine and enact other ways of being.Item Open Access Mātauranga as knowledge, process and practice in Aotearoa New Zealand(Center for Open Science, 2020) Wehi, Priscilla M.; Whaanga, Hēmi; Watene, Krushil; Steeves, Tammy E.; Thornton, T.; Bhagwat, S.The future of Aotearoa New Zealand’s biodiversity is intimately linked to the health of Māori environmental knowledge, the ability to work within different philosophical traditions, and a willingness to work at the intersections of philosophy, cultural practice and science. Māori environmental philosophies and knowledge systems (mātauranga) are intricately rooted in and shaped by Pacific pathways, and shaped by the oral traditions that connect Pacific journeys, encounters with new landscapes, and the ongoing socio-environmental and political experiences of today. Ecological knowledge has a particularly important role within this mātauranga knowledge system, and as such is deeply embedded in tribal histories. The pairing of Māori environmental knowledge with a range of other scientific tools, models and analyses is a trend that will help provide beneficial indicators of population and ecosystem health, that will in turn feed the growth and continuance of mātauranga. Recent laws have pioneered co-management solutions that embody partnership with Māori tribal groups, and enable customary responsibilities. Ethical data management guidelines, that draw on a foundation of Māori philosophies, ethics and practices, are in development for biobanking and genetic or genomic research. Museum and herbarium data are also increasingly being linked to cultural knowledge and relationships. For practitioners, access is a prerequisite to practice; locking up the environment, and locking up collections in museums, acts to alienate Māori and reduces capacity to respond to both cultural prerogatives and national challenges. Scientists who work with Māori environmental knowledge or mātauranga more broadly are part of a shifting inter-disciplinary landscape of solution building at national and international scales, where considerations of intellectual property rights, ethical research partnerships, data sovereignty and community empowerment all contribute to best outcomes.Item Open Access Surviving well together: post development, maternity care and the politics of ontological pluralism(Routledge, 2019) McKinnon, Katharine; Healy, Stephen; Dombroski, Kelly; Klein E; Morreo CEItem Open Access Care-full Community Economies(Routledge, 2018) Dombroski KF; Healy S; McKinnon KI; Harcourt W; Bauhardt CIn this era of human-induced environmental crisis, it is widely recognized that we need to foster better ways to sustain life for people and planet. For us – and other scholars drawing on the Community Economies tradition – better worlds begin in recognising the diverse and interconnected ways human communities secure our livelihoods. Community Economies scholarship is a body of theory that evolved from the writings of geographers J.K. Gibson Graham, which, for more than thirty years, has inspired others (including the three of us) to rethink economy as a space of political possibility.Item Open Access Managing peri-urban floodplains and urban-rural connectivity: A case study in ecosystems governance following a disaster event(2019) Orchard, Shane; Challies, EPeri-urban environments are critical to the connections between urban and rural ecosystems and their respective communities. Lowland floodplains are important examples that are attractive for urbanisation and often associated with the loss of rural lands and resources. In Christchurch, New Zealand, damage from major earthquakes led to the large-scale abandonment of urban residential properties in former floodplain areas creating a rare opportunity to re-imagine the future of these lands. This has posed a unique governance challenge involving the reassessment of land-use options and a renewed focus on disaster risk and climate change adaptation. Urban-rural tensions have emerged through decisions on relocating residential development, alternative proposals for land uses, and an unprecedented opportunity for redress of degraded traditional values for indigenous (Māori) people. Immediately following the earthquakes, existing statutory arrangements applied to many recovery needs and identified institutional responsibilities. Bespoke legislation was also created to address the scale of impacts. Characteristics of the approach have included attention to information acquisition, iterative assessment of land - use options, and a wide variety of opportunities for community participation. Challenges have included a protracted decision-making process with accompanying transaction costs, and a high requirement for coordination. The case typifies the challenges of achieving ecosystem governance where both urban and rural stakeholders have strong desires and an opportunity to exert influence. It presents a unique context for applying the latest thinking on ecosystem management, adaptation, and resilience, and offers transferable learning for the governance of peri-urban floodplains worldwide.Item Open Access Cultivating Community Economies: Tools for building a liveable world(2017) Gibson-Graham JK; Cameron J; Dombroski K; Healy S; Miller EItem Open Access Update on global ozone: past, present, and future(World Meteorological Organization, 2014) Pawson S; Steinbrecht W; Charlton-Perez AJ; Fujiwara M; Karpechko AY; Petropavlovskikh I; Urban J; Weber M; Aquila V; Chehade W; Cionni I; Coldewey-Egbers M; Delcloo A; Dhomse SS; Eyring V; Fleming E; Frith SM; Froidevaux L; Gillett NP; Hassler B; Hegglin MI; Kinnison DE; Loyola D; McLinden CA; Oman LD; Plummer DA; Revell LE; Sakazaki T; Seviour W; Tegtmeier S; van der A RJ; Wild J; Fioletov VE; Langematz UThis chapter deals with the evolution of global ozone outside of the polar regions. The increase of ozone depleting substance (ODS) concentrations caused the large ozone decline observed from 1980 to the mid- 1990s. Since the late 1990s, concentrations of ODSs have been declining due to the successful implementation of the Montreal Protocol. As reported in the last Assessment, global ozone levels have remained stable since 2000. Ozone columns observed in the last four years have largely remained in the range observed since 2000. Over the next decades we expect increasing global-mean stratospheric ozone columns, as ODSs decline further. Climate change and emissions of greenhouse gases, especially carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), also affect the evolution of global stratospheric ozone, particularly in the second half of the 21st century, when ODS concentrations are expected to be low.Item Open Access Approaches to implementing a strengthened global response to the threat of climate change(IPCC, 2018) Hayward BM; Roy JThe principal rationale for this chapter is to gather and assess the best available policy relevant knowledge from the available literature, including existing options and case studies, on what is known about the methods and approaches to implementation of possible mitigation and adaptation options, consistent with a strengthened global response to limit warming to 1.5oC above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of sustainable development and efforts to eradicate poverty. The chapter thus follows logically on an assessment of possible emissions pathways (Chapter 2), potential impacts of 1.5oC warming (Chapter 3), and the identification of priority mitigation and adaptation opportunities (Chapter 4) that could limit warming to 1.5oC. This chapter then would focus on existing mechanisms and on what is known about potential alternative implementation options and approaches through which the strengthened global response could be realized. To the extent the available literature allows, the chapter should assess how possible implementation approaches would impact the achievement of near-term (through 2030) sustainable development targets, and affect sustainable development pathways beyond 2030
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