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Item Open Access Acoustic Predictors of Ease of Understanding in Spanish Speakers With Dysarthria Associated With Parkinson's Disease.(American Speech Language Hearing Association, 2022) Moya-Galé, Gemma; Wisler, Alan A; Walsh, Stephen J.; McAuliffe, Megan; Levy ESPurpose
The purpose of this study was to examine selected baseline acoustic features of hypokinetic dysarthria in Spanish speakers with Parkinson's disease (PD) and identify potential acoustic predictors of ease of understanding in Spanish.Method
Seventeen Spanish-speaking individuals with mild-to-moderate hypokinetic dysarthria secondary to PD and eight healthy controls were recorded reading a translation of the Rainbow Passage. Acoustic measures of vowel space area, as indicated by the formant centralization ratio (FCR), envelope modulation spectra (EMS), and articulation rate were derived from the speech samples. Additionally, 15 healthy adults rated ease of understanding of the recordings on a visual analogue scale. A multiple linear regression model was implemented to investigate the predictive value of the selected acoustic parameters on ease of understanding.Results
Listeners' ease of understanding was significantly lower for speakers with dysarthria than for healthy controls. The FCR, EMS from the first 10 s of the reading passage, and the difference in EMS between the end and the beginning sections of the passage differed significantly between the two groups of speakers. Findings indicated that 67.7% of the variability in ease of understanding was explained by the predictive model, suggesting a moderately strong relationship between the acoustic and perceptual domains.Conclusions
Measures of envelope modulation spectra were found to be highly significant model predictors of ease of understanding of Spanish-speaking individuals with hypokinetic dysarthria associated with PD. Articulation rate was also found to be important (albeit to a lesser degree) in the predictive model. The formant centralization ratio should be further examined with a larger sample size and more severe dysarthria to determine its efficacy in predicting ease of understanding.Item Open Access Compartmentalized cross-linked enzymatic nano -aggregates (c -CLE n A) for efficient in-flow biocatalysis(Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), 2020) De Martino , M Teresa; Tonin , Fabio; Yewdall, N. Amy; Abdelghani , Mona; Williams , David S; Hanefeld , Ulf; Rutjes , Floris P J T; Abdelmohsen LKEA, Loai K E A; Van Hest , Jan C MNano-sized enzyme aggregates, which preserve their catalytic activity are of great interest for flow processes, as these catalytic species show minimal diffusional issues, and are still sizeable enough to be effectively separated from the formed product. The realization of such catalysts is however far from trivial. The stable formation of a micro-to millimeter-sized enzyme aggregate is feasible via the formation of a cross-linked enzyme aggregate (CLEA); however, such a process leads to a rather broad size distribution, which is not always compatible with microflow conditions. Here, we present the design of a compartmentalized templated CLEA (c-CLEnA), inside the nano-cavity of bowl-shaped polymer vesicles, coined stomatocytes. Due to the enzyme preorganization and concentration in the cavity, cross-linking could be performed with substantially lower amount of cross-linking agents, which was highly beneficial for the residual enzyme activity. Our methodology is generally applicable, as demonstrated by using two different cross-linkers (glutaraldehyde and genipin). Moreover, c-CLEnA nanoreactors were designed with Candida antarctica Lipase B (CalB) and Porcine Liver Esterase (PLE), as well as a mixture of glucose oxidase (GOx) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). Interestingly, when genipin was used as cross-linker, all enzymes preserved their initial activity. Furthermore, as proof of principle, we demonstrated the successful implementation of different c-CLEnAs in a flow reactor in which the c-CLEnA nanoreactors retained their full catalytic function even after ten runs. Such a c-CLEnA nanoreactor represents a significant step forward in the area of in-flow biocatalysis.Item Open Access Perception of financial satisfaction and its implications for free first-year education in New Zealand university students(2020) Afzali, Usman; Cedeño Bustos, Julie Viviana; Kemp, SimonFinancial stress predicts negative academic, social, and psychological outcomes in a tertiary student’s life. To investigate whether free first-year education could mitigate financial stress in New Zealand tertiary education students, 270 psychology students from the University of Canterbury completed scales measuring financial stress, perceived socio-economic status, and debt attitude as well as demographic status and financial status variables over a series of two experiments. The efficacy of the New Zealand government’s free first-year tertiary education policy on reducing students’ financial stress was investigated in contrast with taking a temporal discounting approach, i.e. putting less value on future gains: Half of the participants were primed with a paragraph regarding free first-year education. Students’ financial stress increased with increasing debt, inability to save money, and thinking that one’s weekly income was not sufficient for living needs, but objective financial status variables such as their income, receiving Student Allowance, and part-time employment were not associated with students’ financial stress. Priming with the government’s free first-year education policy did not decrease first-year students’ financial stress, indicating that the students were taking a temporal discounting approach. Overall, the findings suggest that 1) the government’s focus could usefully shift to students’ present financial concerns and 2) students’ financial counselling and financial management skills could be enhanced.Item Open Access Programmed spatial organization of biomacromolecules into discrete, coacervate-based protocells(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2020) Altenburg , Wiggert J.; Yewdall, N. Amy; Vervoort , Daan F. M.; van Stevendaal, Marleen H. M. E.; Mason , Alexander F.; van Hest , Jan C. M.The cell cytosol is crowded with high concentrations of many different biomacromolecules, which is difficult to mimic in bottom-up synthetic cell research and limits the functionality of existing protocellular platforms. There is thus a clear need for a general, biocompatible, and accessible tool to more accurately emulate this environment. Herein, we describe the development of a discrete, membrane-bound coacervate-based protocellular platform that utilizes the well-known binding motif between Ni2+-nitrilotriacetic acid and His-tagged proteins to exercise a high level of control over the loading of biologically relevant macromolecules. This platform can accrete proteins in a controlled, efficient, and benign manner, culminating in the enhancement of an encapsulated two-enzyme cascade and protease-mediated cargo secretion, highlighting the potency of this methodology. This versatile approach for programmed spatial organization of biologically relevant proteins expands the protocellular toolbox, and paves the way for the development of the next generation of complex yet well-regulated synthetic cells.Item Open Access Acquired Stuttering in Parkinson's Disease(Wiley, 2023) Gooch , Eloïse A; Horne, Kyla-Louise; Melzer, Tracy R.; McAuliffe, Megan; Macaskill, Michael; Dalrymple-Alford, John; Anderson, Tim J.; Theys, CatherineBackground: Parkinson's disease frequently causes communication impairments, but knowledge about the occurrence of new-onset stuttering is limited. Objectives: To determine the presence of acquired neurogenic stuttering and its relationship with cognitive and motor functioning in individuals with Parkinson's disease. Method: Conversation, picture description, and reading samples were collected from 100 people with Parkinson's disease and 25 controls to identify the presence of stuttered disfluencies (SD) and their association with neuropsychological test performance and motor function. Results: Participants with Parkinson's disease presented with twice as many stuttered disfluencies during conversation (2.2% ± 1.8%SD) compared to control participants (1.2% ± 1.2%SD; P < 0.01). 21% of people with Parkinson's disease (n = 20/94) met the diagnostic criterion for stuttering, compared with 1/25 controls. Stuttered disfluencies also differed significantly across speech tasks, with more disfluencies during conversation compared to reading (P < 0.01). Stuttered disfluencies in those with Parkinson's disease were associated with longer time since disease onset (P < 0.01), higher levodopa equivalent dosage (P < 0.01), and lower cognitive (P < 0.01) and motor scores (P < 0.01). Conclusion: One in five participants with Parkinson's disease presented with acquired neurogenic stuttering, suggesting that speech disfluency assessment, monitoring and intervention should be part of standard care. Conversation was the most informative task for identifying stuttered disfluencies. The frequency of stuttered disfluencies was higher in participants with worse motor functioning, and lower cognitive functioning. This challenges previous suggestions that the development of stuttered disfluencies in Parkinson's disease has purely a motoric basis.Item Open Access The LCO Outbursting Objects Key Project: Overview and Year 1 Status(American Astronomical Society, 2022) Lister T; Kelley MSP; Holt CE; Hsieh HH; Bannister, Michele; Verma AA; Dobson MM; Knight MM; Moulane Y; Schwamb ME; Bodewits D; Bauer J; Chatelain J; Fernández-Valenzuela E; Gardener D; Gyuk G; Hammergren M; Huynh K; Jehin E; Kokotanekova R; Lilly E; Hui MT; McKay A; Opitom C; Protopapa S; Ridden-Harper, Ryan; Schambeau C; Snodgrass C; Stoddard-Jones C; Usher H; Wierzchos K; Yanamandra-Fisher PA; Ye Q; Gomez E; Greenstreet SThe LCO Outbursting Objects Key (LOOK) Project uses the telescopes of the Las Cumbres Observatory (LCO) Network to (1) systematically monitor a sample of previously discovered over the whole sky, to assess the evolutionary state of these distant remnants from the early solar system, and (2) use alerts from existing sky surveys to rapidly respond to and characterize detected outburst activity in all small bodies. The data gathered on outbursts helps to characterize each outburst’s evolution with time, helps to assess the frequency and magnitude distribution of outbursts in general, and contributes to the understanding of outburst processes and volatile distribution in the solar system. The LOOK Project exploits the synergy between current and future wide-field surveys such as ZTF, Pan-STARRS, and LSST, as well as rapid-response telescope networks such as LCO, and serves as an excellent test bed for what will be needed for the much larger number of objects coming from Rubin Observatory. We will describe the LOOK Project goals, the planning and target selection (including the use of NEOexchange as a Target and Observation Manager or “TOM”), and results from the first phase of observations, including the detection of activity and outbursts on the giant comet C/2014 UN271 (Bernardinelli–Bernstein) and the discovery and follow-up of 28 outbursts on 14 comets. Within these outburst discoveries, we present a high-cadence light curve of 7P/Pons–Winnecke with 10 outbursts observed over 90 days, a large outburst on 57P/ duToit–Neujmin–Delporte, and evidence that comet P/2020 X1 (ATLAS) was in outburst when discovered.Item Open Access Coacervates as models of membraneless organelles(Elsevier BV, 2021) Yewdall, N. Amy; André, Alain A. M.; Lu, Tiemei; Spruijt , EvanCoacervates are condensed liquid-like droplets, usually formed with oppositely charged polymeric molecules. They have been studied extensively in colloid and interface science for their remarkable material properties. The liquid–liquid phase separation underlying coacervate formation also plays an important role in the formation of various membraneless organelles (MLOs) that are found in many living cells. Therefore, there is an increasing interest to use well-characterized coacervates as in vitro models that mimic specific aspects of MLOs. Here, we review five aspects – physical and chemical properties, hierarchical organization, uptake selectivity, formation dynamics, and maturation – that are of particular interest and discuss how useful coacervates are to better understand these aspects of MLOs.Item Open Access Engineering of biocompatible coacervate-based synthetic cells(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2021) van Stevendaal MHME; Vasiukas L; Yewdall NA; Mason AF; van Hest JCMPolymer-stabilized complex coacervate microdroplets have emerged as a robust platform for synthetic cell research. Their unique core−shell properties enable the sequestration of high concentrations of biologically relevant macromolecules and their subsequent release through the semipermeable membrane. These unique properties render the synthetic cell platform highly suitable for a range of biomedical applications, as long as its biocompatibility upon interaction with biological cells is ensured. The purpose of this study is to investigate how the structure and formulation of these coacervate-based synthetic cells impact the viability of several different cell lines. Through careful examination of the individual synthetic cell components, it became evident that the presence of free polycation and membrane-forming polymer had to be prevented to ensure cell viability. After closely examining the structure−toxicity relationship, a set of conditions could be found whereby no detrimental effects were observed, when the artificial cells were cocultured with RAW264.7 cells. This opens up a range of possibilities to use this modular system for biomedical applications and creates design rules for the next generation of coacervate-based, biomedically relevant particles.Item Open Access Engineering transient dynamics of artificial cells by stochastic distribution of enzymes(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021) Song S; Mason AF; Post RAJ; De Corato , Marco; Mestre , Rafael; Yewdall, N. Amy; Cao , Shoupeng; van der Hofstad , Remco W; Sanchez , Samuel; Abdelmohsen , Loai K. E. A; van Hest , Jan C. MRandom fluctuations are inherent to all complex molecular systems. Although nature has evolved mechanisms to control stochastic events to achieve the desired biological output, reproducing this in synthetic systems represents a significant challenge. Here we present an artificial platform that enables us to exploit stochasticity to direct motile behavior. We found that enzymes, when confined to the fluidic polymer membrane of a core-shell coacervate, were distributed stochastically in time and space. This resulted in a transient, asymmetric configuration of propulsive units, which imparted motility to such coacervates in presence of substrate. This mechanism was confirmed by stochastic modelling and simulations in silico. Furthermore, we showed that a deeper understanding of the mechanism of stochasticity could be utilized to modulate the motion output. Conceptually, this work represents a leap in design philosophy in the construction of synthetic systems with life-like behaviors.Item Open Access Self-organized nanoscale networks: are neuromorphic properties conserved in realistic device geometries?(IOP Publishing, 2022) Heywood Z; Mallinson J; Galli E; Acharya S; Bose S; Arnold M; Brown, Simon; Bones, PhilipSelf-organised nanoscale networks are currently under investigation because of their potential to be used as novel neuromorphic computing systems. In these systems, electrical input and output signals will necessarily couple to the recurrent electrical signals within the network that provide brain-like functionality. This raises important questions as to whether practical electrode configurations and network geometries might influence the brain-like dynamics. We use the concept of criticality (which is itself a key charactistic of brain-like processing) to quantify the neuromorphic potential of the devices, and find that in most cases criticality, and therefore optimal information processing capability, is maintained. In particular we find that devices with multiple electrodes remain critical despite the concentration of current near the electrodes. We find that broad network activity is maintained because current still flows through the entire network. We also develop a formalism to allow a detailed analysis of the number of dominant paths through the network. For rectangular systems we show that the number of pathways decreases as the system size increases, which consequently causes a reduction in network activity.Item Open Access Diet composition and prey choice of New Zealand falcons nesting in anthropogenic and natural habitats(NEW ZEALAND ECOL SOC, 2013) Kross, Sara; Tylianakis, Jason; Nelson, XimenaIn a biodiversity conservation exercise a native raptor has been reintroduced to Marlborough, a winegrowing area in New Zealand's South Island, on the assumption that the abundant passerines attracted to the grapes will provide a natural food resource for this predator. As part of a study to assess the value of vineyards as habitat for the threatened New Zealand falcon (Falco novaeseelandiae) we used remote videography and prey remains to compare the diet composition of falcons nesting in a vineyard-dominated landscape with that of falcons nesting in natural habitat in nearby hills. We also quantified the abundance and species composition of avian prey in the habitats surrounding each falcon nest. Generally there were more birds in the vineyards but the composition of available prey did not differ between vineyards and the nearby hills, nor did the composition of avian species in the breeding-season diet of falcons. Avian prey was the main food source for falcons during the breeding season, representing 97.9% of prey items by frequency and 83.3% of prey items by biomass. Mammals represented only 1.9% of prey items by frequency, but made up 16.7% of prey items by biomass. We also found that falcons preyed on introduced species more than would be expected, and on endemic species less than would be expected, based on their availability in the landscape. The absence of any significant differences in diet between native and vineyard habitats during the breeding season suggests that the latter may be a suitable alternative when natural habitats are unavailable, although further study must be conducted into the role of supplementary feeding on these effects. These findings pave the way for research in other production landscapes that could be used for conservation measures. © New Zealand Ecological Society.Item Open Access Author Correction: Engineering transient dynamics of artificial cells by stochastic distribution of enzymes (Nature Communications, (2021))(Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021) Song S; Mason AF; Post RAJ; De Corato M; Mestre R; Cao S; van der Hofstad RW; Sanchez S; Abdelmohsen LKEA; van Hest JCM; Yewdall, N. AmyIn this article the affiliation Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Pg. Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain for Samuel Sanchez was missing. The original article has been corrected.Item Open Access The hallmarks of living systems: towards creating artificial cells(The Royal Society, 2018) Mason AF; Van Hest JCM; Yewdall, N. AmyDespite the astonishing diversity and complexity of living systems, they all share five common hallmarks: compartmentalization, growth and division, information processing, energy transduction and adaptability. In this review, we give not only examples of how cells satisfy these requirements for life and the ways in which it is possible to emulate these characteristics in engineered platforms, but also the gaps that remain to be bridged. The bottom-up synthesis of life-like systems continues to be driven forward by the advent of new technologies, by the discovery of biological phenomena through their transplantation to experimentally simpler constructs and by providing insights into one of the oldest questions posed by mankind, the origin of life on Earth.Item Open Access Mimicking Cellular Compartmentalization in a Hierarchical Protocell through Spontaneous Spatial Organization(American Chemical Society (ACS), 2019) Mason AF; Welzen PLW; Shao J; Stevendaal MV; Hest JCMV; Williams DS; Abdelmohsen LKEA; Yewdall, N. AmyA systemic feature of eukaryotic cells is the spatial organization of functional components through compartmentalization. Developing protocells with compartmentalized synthetic organelles is, therefore, a critical milestone toward emulating one of the core characteristics of cellular life. Here we demonstrate the bottom-up, multistep, noncovalent, assembly of rudimentary subcompartmentalized protocells through the spontaneous encapsulation of semipermeable, polymersome proto-organelles inside cell-sized coacervates. The coacervate microdroplets are membranized using tailormade terpolymers, to complete the hierarchical self-assembly of protocells, a system that mimics both the condensed cytosol and the structure of a cell membrane. In this way, the spatial organization of enzymes can be finely tuned, leading to an enhancement of functionality. Moreover, incompatible components can be sequestered in the same microenvironments without detrimental effect. The robust stability of the subcompartmentalized coacervate protocells in biocompatible milieu, such as in PBS or cell culture media, makes it a versatile platform to be extended toward studies in vitro, and perhaps, in vivo.Item Open Access Physicochemical Characterization of Polymer-Stabilized Coacervate Protocells(Wiley, 2019) Buddingh BC; Altenburg WJ; Timmermans SBPE; Vervoort DFM; Abdelmohsen LKEA; Mason AF; van Hest JCM; Yewdall, N. AmyThe bottom-up construction of cell mimics has produced a range of membrane-bound protocells that have been endowed with functionality and biochemical processes reminiscent of living systems. The contents of these compartments, however, experience semidilute conditions, whereas macromolecules in the cytosol exist in protein-rich, crowded environments that affect their physicochemical properties, such as diffusion and catalytic activity. Recently, complex coacervates have emerged as attractive protocellular models because their condensed interiors would be expected to mimic this crowding better. Here we explore some relevant physicochemical properties of a recently developed polymer-stabilized coacervate system, such as the diffusion of macromolecules in the condensed coacervate phase, relative to in dilute solutions, the buffering capacity of the core, the molecular organization of the polymer membrane, the permeability characteristics of this membrane towards a wide range of compounds, and the behavior of a simple enzymatic reaction. In addition, either the coacervate charge or the cargo charge is engineered to allow the selective loading of protein cargo into the coacervate protocells. Our in-depth characterization has revealed that these polymer-stabilized coacervate protocells have many desirable properties, thus making them attractive candidates for the investigation of biochemical processes in stable, controlled, tunable, and increasingly cell-like environments.Item Open Access Tomographic phase and attenuation extraction for a sample composed of unknown materials using x-ray propagation-based phase-contrast imaging(Optica Publishing Group, 2022) Alloo SJ; Paganin DM; Morgan KS; Gureyev TE; Mayo SC; Mohammadi S; Lockie D; Menk RH; Arfelli F; Zanconati F; Tromba G; Pavlov, KonstantinPropagation-based phase-contrast x-ray imaging (PB-PCXI) generates image contrast by utilizing sample-imposed phase-shifts. This has proven useful when imaging weakly attenuating samples, as conventional attenuation-based imaging does not always provide adequate contrast. We present a PB-PCXI algorithm capable of extracting the x-ray attenuation β and refraction δ, components of the complex refractive index of distinct materials within an unknown sample. The method involves curve fitting an error-function-based model to a phase-retrieved interface in a PB-PCXI tomographic reconstruction, which is obtained when Paganin-type phase retrieval is applied with incorrect values of δ and β. The fit parameters can then be used to calculate true δ and β values for composite materials. This approach requires no a priori sample information, making it broadly applicable. Our PB-PCXI reconstruction is single-distance, requiring only one exposure per tomographic angle, which is important for radiosensitive samples. We apply this approach to a breast-tissue sample, recovering the refraction component δ, with 0.6–2.4% accuracy compared with theoretical values.Item Open Access Disasters, policies and micronutrients: The intersect among ethics, evidence and effective action(2020) Mulder RT; Usman Afzali M; Bhattacharya O; Blampied M; Blampied, Neville; Rucklidge, JuliaItem Open Access The prevalence effect in fingerprint identification: Match and non‐match base‐rates impact misses and false alarms(Wiley, 2021) Growns B; Kukucka JThe prevalence effect is a phenomenon whereby target prevalence impacts performance in visual search (e.g., baggage screening) and visual comparison (e.g., face-matching) tasks – people more often ‘miss’ infrequent target stimuli. The current study investigated prevalence effects in fingerprint identification – an important visual comparison task used in criminal investigations. Participants (N = 287) judged 100 fingerprint pairs where the prevalence of match trials was either 10% (low), 50% (equal), or 90% (high), and half received trial-level feedback on their performance. As predicted, low match prevalence increased errors on match trials (i.e., misses), whereas high match prevalence errors on non-match trials (i.e., false alarms) – but only when participants received feedback. These effects were largely driven by changes in bias (C), rather than sensitivity (d'). These results suggest that the combination of feedback and match prevalence can impact the types of errors that fingerprint examiners may make in practice.Item Open Access Finding the perfect match: Fingerprint expertise facilitates statistical learning and visual comparison decision-making.(American Psychological Association (APA), 2022) Mattijssen EJAT; Salerno JM; Schweitzer NJ; Cole SA; Martire KA; Growns, BethanyForensic feature-comparison examiners compare – or ‘match’ – evidence samples (e.g., fingerprints) to provide judgements about the source of the evidence. Research demonstrates that examiners in select disciplines possess expertise in this task by outperforming novices – yet the psychological mechanisms underpinning this expertise are unclear. This paper investigates one implicated mechanism: statistical learning, the ability to learn how often things occur in the environment. This ability is likely important in forensic decision-making as samples sharing rarer statistical information are more likely to come from the same source than those sharing more common information. We investigated 46 fingerprint examiners’ and 52 novices’ statistical learning of fingerprint categories and application of this knowledge in a source-likelihood judgement task. Participants completed four measures of their statistical learning (frequency discrimination judgements, bounded and unbounded frequency estimates, and source-likelihood judgements) before and after familiarisation to the ‘ground-truth’ category frequencies. Compared to novices, fingerprint examiners had superior domain-specific statistical learning across all measures – both before and after familiarisation. This suggests that fingerprint expertise facilitates domain-specific statistical learning – something that has important theoretical and applied implications for the development of training programs and statistical databases in forensic science.Item Open Access The Namib Turbulence Experiment: Investigating Surface-Atmosphere Heat Transfer in Three Dimensions(American Meteorological Society, 2022) Hilland RVJ; Bernhofer C; Bohmann M; Christen A; Maggs-Kölling G; Krauß M; Larsen JA; Marais E; Pitacco A; Schumacher B; Spirig R; Vendrame N; Vogt R; Katurji, MarwanThe Namib Turbulence Experiment (NamTEX) was a multinational micrometeorological campaign conducted in the central Namib Desert to investigate three-dimensional surface layer turbulence and the spatiotemporal patterns of heat transfer between the subsurface, surface, and atmosphere. The Namib provides an ideal location for fundamental research that revisits some key assumptions in micrometeorology that are implicitly included in the parameterizations describing energy exchange in weather forecasting and climate models: homogenous flat surfaces, no vegetation, little moisture, and cloud-free skies create a strong and consistent diurnal forcing, resulting in a wide range of atmospheric stabilities. A novel combination of instruments was used to simultaneously measure variables and processes relevant to heat transfer: a 3-km fiber-optic distributed temperature sensor (DTS) was suspended in a pseudo-three-dimensional array within a 300 m × 300 m domain to provide vertical cross sections of air temperature fluctuations. Aerial and ground-based thermal imagers recorded high-resolution surface temperature fluctuations within the domain and revealed the spatial thermal imprint of atmospheric structures responsible for heat exchange. High-resolution soil temperature and moisture profiles together with heat flux plates provided information on near-surface soil dynamics. Turbulent heat exchange was measured with a vertical array of five eddy-covariance point measurements on a 21-m mast, as well as by collocated small- and large-aperture scintillometers. This contribution first details the scientific goals and experimental setup of the NamTEX campaign. Then, using a typical day, we demonstrate (i) the coupling of surface layer, surface, and soil temperatures using high-frequency temperature measurements, (ii) differences in spatial and temporal standard deviations of the horizontal temperature field using spatially distributed measurements, and (iii) horizontal anisotropy of the turbulent temperature field.