Engineering: Chapters and Books

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https://ir.canterbury.ac.nz/handle/10092/183

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Open Access
Applications of tomography in bubble column and fixed bed reactors
(Elsevier, 2022) Holland, Daniel
This chapter explores recent reports of tomographic imaging of bubble column and fixed bed reactors. A brief introduction to these reactors is given, followed by a summary of some of the studies of these reactors using radioactive particle tracking, magnetic resonance imaging, wire mesh sensors, and X-ray, γ-ray, electrical capacitance, and electrical resistance tomography. This chapter concludes with an outlook for the future including a discussion of how these techniques will be used to develop computational modeling techniques for the characterization of these reactors, and how additive manufacturing (including 3D printing) will influence the design of these reactors.
Open Access
Design Insights to Support the Development of Effective Virtual Reality Nicotine and Vaping Dependency Therapy Scenarios for Future Telehealth
(IntechOpen, 2022) Vega-Corredor MC; Watkins A; Tomintz M; Hoermann, Simon; Wang T-C
Vaping, or the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), has grown rapidly worldwide and is becoming an epidemic among youth in many countries. Invented as a method to help to quit smoking, ENDS are very popular, reaching increasing numbers of users and becoming a health concern. Virtual reality technology (VRT) represents an important tool for conducting addiction-associated interventions, including telemedicine. The design and quality of virtual reality scenarios (VRS) used for VR interventions are fundamental. How well VRS can replicate real-world scenarios has an impact on how realistic the VR immersion experiences are. Thus, VRS development influences therapeutic outcomes. VRT is used for interventions and treatments for smoking-related nicotine addiction but has yet to be validated for vaping-related disorders. Since vaping represents a technological step forward in nicotine consumption, the accurate contextualization of environments surrounding vapers is fundamental for developing advanced VR tools for the prevention and treatment of vaping disorders. Here, we present the results of focus group discussion with young vapers in New Zealand. The knowledge gained from this study will be used to design VRS for cue exposure and reactivity as a first step toward developing effective solutions for vaping disorders using VR interventions and telemedicine.
Open Access
How to market and harvest your forest woodlot for profit
(Forest Grower Research, 2019) Murphy G; Visser, Rien
This booklet is aimed at woodlot owners who are close to the harvesting stage of their woodlot operation. It is not a manual for the establishment and management of woodlots. Nor is it a textbook for logging contractors on how to carry out their business. This booklet attempts to provide you, the woodlot owner, with sufficient information to help you successfully manage the marketing and harvesting of your woodlot.
Open Access
Maple syrup in New Zealand
(Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2022) Watson, Matthew; Tanksale A
Open Access
A Practical Guide to Particle Tracking Systems incorporating Streams
(University of Canterbury, 2021) Nokes, Roger
Particle tracking systems have been used in experimental mechanics for nigh on 40 years. The technique originated in the domain of fluid mechanics, where it was typically referred to as particle tracking velocimetry (PTV), but it has spread to other domains such as structural engineering in the intervening years. Conceptually the technique is refreshingly simple. Some material, whether solid, fluid or gaseous is “marked” in some way and modern image capture equipment, typically a digital camera of some sort, is employed to record the motion of those marks (particles) through time. Finally, the recorded images are analysed by a suitable software tool to extract physically meaningful quantities such as material displacement or velocity, or some quantity derived from these variables, such as vorticity or strain. One of the attractions of particle tracking systems is that “what you see is what you get”. There are no sophisticated electronics behind the scenes processing electrical signals coming from a sensor of some sort. Instead, a set of physical objects – the particles – move through space and their motion not only generates the variables of interest, but provides the experimenter with a highly visual record of the material’s actual behaviour.
Open Access
Requirements Analysis of a Serious Game for Deaf Players
(2019) Platt-Young Z; Shahri B; Sutherland D; Hoermann S; Laipis A; Yannakais G; Ninaus M; Gentile M
Talk Town is a serious digital game to overcome social isolation in Deaf children by combating stigma associated with hearing impairments and providing modelling of social communication skills. This paper presents the research process and outcomes to ensure that Talk Town is engaging and useful for players, educators and parents. It is described and framed using Cooper’s Requirements Definition and qualitative methods. The motivation for the gamebased intervention is illustrated with findings from a structured literature search and supported with insights gained from qualitative enquiries. Findings and themes from interviews and co-design activities are discussed, personas and artefacts illustrated, and relevant content, game and design recommendations for future work in this area presented
Open Access
Amazonia Terra de Florestas e Cerrado: um guia do clima, vegetacao, terrenos e solos do centro tropical da America do Sul
(Amazon publishing, 2017) Cochrane TT; Cochrane TA
Este livro fornece uma visão geral dos recursos da Amazônia em termos de variação de climas, terrenos, vegetação e solos encontrados em toda esta vasta, e muitas vezes incompreendida, região. O livro foi preparado para um público amplo de cientistas, agrônomos, engenheiros florestais, agricultores, ecologistas e também administradores.
Open Access
An Introduction to Ethics in Robotics and AI
(Springer, 2020) Bartneck, Christoph; Lütge, C.; Wagner, A.; Welsh, S.
This open access book introduces the reader to the foundations of AI and ethics.
Open Access
Modeling Gaze-Guided Narratives for Outdoor Tourism
(Springer, 2020) Kiefer P; Adams B; Kwok TCK; Raubal M; McCrickard S; Jones M; Stelter T
Many outdoor spaces have hidden stories connected with them that can be used to enrich a tourist’s experience. These stories are often related to environmental features which are far from the user and far apart from each other. Therefore they are difficult to explore by locomotion, but can be visually explored from a vantage point. Telling a story from a vantage point is challenging since the system must ensure that the user can identify the relevant features in the environment. Gaze-guided narratives are an interaction concept that helps in such situations by telling a story dynamically depending on the user’s current and previous gaze on a panorama. This chapter suggests a formal modeling approach for gaze-guided narratives, based on narrative mediation trees. The approach is illustrated with an example from the Swiss saga around ’Wilhelm Tell’
Open Access
Proceedings of the 1st New Zealand-Japan Joint Symposium on Structural and Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering
(2019) Chiaro G; Yoshimi M
These proceedings elucidate a broad coverage of the current State-of-the-Art, ideas and technology in Earthquake Engineering from theory to practice resulting from lessons learned from recent major earthquakes in New Zealand and Japan, and include 10 invited special guest lectures bringing together the knowledge and experience of leading academics, researchers and practicing engineers
Open Access
The Family History And Genealogy of Johann Ferdinand Thöne and Maria Anna Juliana Antonette Drewes
(CreateSpace, 2011) Bartneck, Christoph
Open Access
Human-Robot Interaction - An Introduction
(Cambridge University Press, 2019) Bartneck, Christoph; Belpaeme T; Eyssel F; Kanda T; Keijsers M; Sabanovic S
The role of robots in society keeps expanding and diversifying, bringing with it a host of issues surrounding the relationship between robots and humans. This introduction to human–robot interaction (HRI), written by leading researchers in this developing field, is the first to provide a broad overview of the multidisciplinary topics central to modern HRI research. Students and researchers from robotics, artificial intelligence, psychology, sociology, and design will find it a concise and accessible guide to the current state of the field. Written for students from diverse backgrounds, it presents relevant background concepts, describing how robots work, how to design them, and how to evaluate their performance. Self-contained chapters discuss a wide range of topics, including the different communication modalities such as speech and language, non-verbal communication and the processing of emotions, as well as ethical issues around the application of robots today and in the context of our future society.
Open Access
Die Ideale Ordnung
(Createspace Independent Publishing Platform, 2018) Bartneck, Christoph
Dr. Rob Parks Leben ist ausser Kontrolle.
Open Access
The Ideal Order
(Createspace Independent Publishing Platform, 2018) Bartneck, Christoph
Dr. Rob Park's life is out of order.
Open Access
A Unified Creep-Fatigue Equation with Application to Engineering Design
(2018) Liu D; Pons DJ
Background: Creep-fatigue damage occurs under cyclic loading at elevated temperature. The existing creep-fatigue models have limited ability to cover the full combination of creep and fatigue behaviours, except with extensive prior empirical testing. Consequently, they cannot effectively and efficiently be used for early engineering design. Approach: We present a strain-based unified creep-fatigue formulation that overcomes these limitations. We validate this equation against empirical data for multiple materials, and shows it is able to cover full ranges from pure fatigue to pure creep. A simplified formulation is developed where the coefficients are extracted through simple creep-rupture tests. We show how the equation may be used in a design situation, by application to a representative gas turbine blisk. Included here is a demonstration of how the equation may be integrated into finite element analysis, which is an important practical consideration in the design work flow. Outcomes: The results demonstrate that the unified equation evidences fidelity to empirical data for creep-fatigue behaviours for multiple metallic materials. The usefulness of this equation is the ability to identify candidate materials for creep-fatigue loading situations. The ability to achieve this at relatively early design stages is advantageous because of the economy and convenience provided.
Open Access
A Virtual Reality Environment for Prospective Memory Training
(University of Canterbury, 2014) Mitrovic, Antonija; Mathews, Moffat; Ohlsson, Stellan; Holland, Jay; McKinlay, Audrey; Ogden, Scott; Bracegirdle, Anthony; Dopping-Hepenstal, Sam
Prospective Memory (PM), or remembering to perform tasks in the future, is of crucial importance for everyday life. Stroke survivors often have impaired prospective memory, which can interfere with their independent living. In 2011, we started working on computer-based training for improving prospective memory in stroke patients. The primary goal of our project is to develop an effective PM treatment that could be used without the input of clinicians. Our approach combines the use of visual imagery with practice in a Virtual Reality (VR) environment. In this paper, we present the VR environment and the user modelling approach implemented
Open Access
Affective Expressions of Machines
(2000) Bartneck, Christoph
Emotions should play an important role in the design of interfaces because people interact with machines as if they were social actors. This paper presents a literature review on affective expressions through speech, music and body language. It summarizes the quality and quantity of their parameters, their recognition accuracy and successful examples of synthesis. Moreover, a model for the convincingness of affective expressions, based on Fogg and Hsiang Tseng (1999), was developed and tested. The empirical data did not support the original model and therefore this paper proposes a new model, which is based on appropriateness and intensity of the expressions. Furthermore, the experiment investigated if the type of emotion (happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear and disgust), knowledge about the source (human or machine), the level of abstraction (natural face, computer rendered face and matrix face) and medium of presentation (visual, audio/visual, audio) of an affective expression influences its convincingness and distinctness. Only the type of emotion and multimedia presentations had an effect on convincingness. The distinctness of an expression depends on the abstraction and the media through which it is presented.
Open Access
Local Tchebichef Moments for Texture Analysis
(Science Gate Publishing, 2014) Mukundan, R.; Papakostas, G.A.
Orthogonal moment functions based on Tchebichef polynomials have found several applications in the field of image analysis because of their superior feature representation capabilities. Local features represented by such moments could also be used in the design of efficient texture descriptors. This chapter introduces a novel method of constructing feature vectors from orthonormal Tchebichef moments evaluated on 5x5 neighborhoods of pixels, and encoding the texture information as a Lehmer code that represents the relative strengths of the evaluated moments. The features will be referred to as Local Tchebichef Moments (LTMs). The encoding scheme provides a byte value for each pixel, and generates a gray-level "LTM-image" of the input image. The histogram of the LTM-image is then used as the texture descriptor for classification. The theoretical framework as well as the implementation aspects of the descriptor are discussed in detail.
Open Access
Amazon Forest and Savanna Lands: A guide to the climates, vegetation, landscapes and soils of central tropical South America
(CreateSpace, 2010) Cochrane, T.T.; Cochrane, T.A.
This book provides an overview of the land resources of the Amazon in terms of the varying climates, landscapes, vegetation and soils found throughout this vast, often misunderstood region. It has been prepared for a broad audience of scientists, engineers, agronomists, foresters, farmers, ecologists and also administrators.
Open Access
La Amazonia Tierras de Bosques y Sabanas: Una guia del clima, vegetacion, paisajes y suelos de Sudamerica tropical central (Spanish edition)
(CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform, 2012) Cochrane, T.T.; Cochrane, T.A.
Este libro proporciona una visión general de los recursos de la tierra de la Amazonía en los diferentes climas, paisajes, vegetación y suelos de toda esta amplia, a menudo incomprendida región. Se ha preparado para una amplia audiencia de científicos, ingenieros agrónomos, ingenieros forestales, agricultores, ecólogos y también administradores.