Studies demonstrate that information sharing and trust have imposed challenges to supply chains, whereas trust extensively benefits supply chain activities and intensely affects supply chain decisions. Since the rapid development of the internet, many information technologies have been incorporated into supply chain systems. However, many centralised technologies might open the gates for trust issues such as fraud, data tampering, and falsification. On the other hand, the deployment of blockchain technology beyond cryptocurrencies has been widely discussed. Some blockchains’ most auspicious non-finance deployments will likely encompass supply chain, food, and agriculture industries. Recently, companies have strived to enhance information sharing and achieve greater efficiency through blockchain technology adoption since adopting this technology has many benefits in developing supply chain traceability and transparency. Blockchain technology improves supply chain transparency while more significantly building an immutable and distributed record of transactions - that are open to traceability by the nature of the protocol. research techniques. The stakeholders include both supply chain practitioners and food consumers. Next, Q-methodology is used to explore the stakeholders’ most important trust-oriented requirements and priorities at every agricultural food supply chain stage. Then the stakeholders are classified based on similarities and divergences in their subjective opinions, elaborate on their perspectives and examine their association with the trust dimensions. Finally, two trust driver frameworks will be proposed to formulate the mainstreams of consistent priorities and requirements that impact trust along a blockchain-enabled agri-food supply chain. The goal is to examine the structure of stakeholders' subjective opinions about trust-based requirements and priorities and then provide decision-making tools for blockchain adoption in agri-food supply chain organisations that establish trust through shared values. The findings of this study also would help top-level decision-makers systematically evaluate parts of organisations to explore potentials and resolve weaknesses. The results of this study can also help with successful technology adoption by providing guidelines to match stakeholders’ needs with the organisation's goals and blockchain capabilities.

This study aims to develop abductive hypotheses and models that help enhance trust among agricultural food supply chain stakeholders. The idea is to explore and then formulate the system design requirements of a decentralised blockchain-based information system in an agri-food supply chain independent of any central authority. The driving force of this study is the idea that developing a decentralised information system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and blockchain technology would create a new information platform for all supply chain parties - that is open, transparent, neutral, reliable, and secure.

This study presents early evidence to support the use of blockchain in improving supply chain operations, then elaborates on the core components of blockchain technology and presents a framework based on the integration of IoT with blockchain main features and names it the 3TIC framework. This framework is designed based on traceability, transparency, tamper-evidence, immutability, and compliance (3TIC) features of blockchain technology in order to fulfil trust-based requirements across agricultural food supply chain sectors, from production to consumption. In this study, great emphasis has been put on incorporating the IoT into blockchain-based solutions and applying blockchain to verify entities and the identities of the assets.

This behavioural science study develops Q-methodology tools for conducting this research. First, agri-food supply chain stakeholders are gathered to collect data relying on empirical