Capacity for bioreactors and riparian rehabilitation to enhance nitrate attenuation in agricultural streams

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dc.contributor.authorGoeller BC
dc.contributor.authorBurbery LF
dc.contributor.authorFebria CM
dc.contributor.authorCollins KE
dc.contributor.authorBurrows NJ
dc.contributor.authorSimon KS
dc.contributor.authorHarding JS
dc.contributor.authorMcIntosh AR
dc.date.accessioned2019-09-03T02:31:40Z
dc.date.available2019-09-03T02:31:40Z
dc.date.issued2019en
dc.date.updated2019-07-04T07:52:17Z
dc.description.abstract© 2019 Elsevier B.V. Globally, small agricultural waterways fed by springs, tile drains, and seeps can disproportionately contribute to downstream nutrient loading, which is associated with declines in water quality and ecosystem functions. Treating nitrate using a multiple tool, multiple-scale approach in small waterways could offer improved management of these sources. We used a before-after-control-impact design to test the suitability of three small (<30 m 3 ) edge-of-field denitrifying woodchip bioreactors and stream bank re-shaping and riparian planting. Over three-and-a-half-years, riparian rehabilitation enhanced nitrate flux attenuation compared to pre-rehabilitation, but only under relatively low flow conditions. In comparison, there were no significant changes in nitrate flux in a control waterway under any flow condition. N fluxes always increased in both the control and treatment waterways when reaches gained water downstream. Nitrate removal efficiencies for all three bioreactors ranged from <10 to >99%, with performance variations due to short residence times and fluctuations in source water chemistry. A single tile drain bioreactor removed 0.41 kg NO 3 -N d −1 , equivalent to ∼10% of the mean daily tile drain nitrate load. Greenhouse gas fluxes from the tile drain bioreactor were similar to the surrounding pasture (CO 2 -C mean: 185–286 mg C m 2 h −1 ; N 2 O-N mean: 49–90 μg N m 2 h −1 ), suggesting no negative impacts from the bioreactor. Overall, our results suggest a multiple-tool, multiple-scale application of rehabilitation tools can reduce downstream N fluxes, but only under certain flow conditions. Thus, local rehabilitation tools, like those trialed here, will need to be scaled appropriately if they are to significantly attenuate nutrient losses from small agricultural waterways. Moreover, these will not replace catchment-scale nutrient plans to address losses from land and legacy groundwater N pollution.en
dc.identifier.citationGoeller BC, Burbery LF, Febria CM, Collins KE, Burrows NJ, Simon KS, Harding JS, McIntosh AR (2019). Capacity for bioreactors and riparian rehabilitation to enhance nitrate attenuation in agricultural streams. Ecological Engineering. 134. 65-77.en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.03.014
dc.identifier.issn0925-8574
dc.identifier.issn1872-6992
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10092/17046
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier BVen
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives Licenseen
dc.subjectAgricultural land-useen
dc.subjectDenitrificationen
dc.subjectGreenhouse gasen
dc.subjectNitrate-nitrogen fluxen
dc.subjectTile drainageen
dc.subjectDenitrifying woodchip bioreactoren
dc.subject.anzsrcFields of Research::30 - Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences::3002 - Agriculture, land and farm management::300202 - Agricultural land managementen
dc.subject.anzsrcFields of Research::30 - Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences::3002 - Agriculture, land and farm management::300201 - Agricultural hydrologyen
dc.subject.anzsrcField of Research::07 - Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences::0799 - Other Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences::079902 - Fertilisers and Agrochemicals (incl. Application)en
dc.subject.anzsrcFields of Research::30 - Agricultural, veterinary and food sciences::3002 - Agriculture, land and farm management::300210 - Sustainable agricultural developmenten
dc.titleCapacity for bioreactors and riparian rehabilitation to enhance nitrate attenuation in agricultural streamsen
dc.typeJournal Articleen
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