Early literature on international relations has largely focused on the behaviors of great powers, examining how they interact with each other as their power waxes and wanes. The end of the Cold War and the collapse of Soviet Union have led to the change of global power structure that allows a number of small states to play a more active role in world politics. The ensuing rise of China and the perceived decline of the United States have generated interesting questions: how do such small states as Taiwan behave when they are confronted by a rising and threatening power like China? What are their strategic choices? What are the determinants of their foreign policies?