Effects of competition and habitat heterogeneity on native-exotic plant richness relationships across spatial scales

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dc.contributor.authorRossignaud L, L
dc.contributor.authorKimberley MO
dc.contributor.authorKelly, Dave
dc.contributor.authorFei S
dc.contributor.authorBrockerhoff, Eckehard G.
dc.contributor.editorSabatini FM
dc.date.accessioned2025-01-30T19:51:43Z
dc.date.available2025-01-30T19:51:43Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.date.updated2022-11-28T13:34:34Z
dc.description.abstractAim: The biotic resistance hypothesis posits that greater native species richness limits invasions of exotic species. However, negative native-exotic richness relationships (NERRs) may reverse with increasing spatial scale, seemingly refuting the hypothesis. Here, we explore the effects of species competitive interactions, environmental factors, habitat heterogeneity and vertical vegetation tiers on the NERRs across spatial scales in native forests. Location: New Zealand. Methods: We combined vegetation, land cover and climate data to predict exotic richness from native richness at different vertical tiers (ground to canopy), land cover, plant competition (tree basal area, native ground cover), mean annual temperature and total rainfall. We considered four spatial scales, from single 20 × 20 m plots on an 8-km grid to groups of plots across grids up to 128 km. Habitat heterogeneity was measured using the variance of climatic conditions among plots within a group. Results: A negative native tree-exotic richness relationship (NTERR) was observed at plot level but reversed with increasing spatial scale. Species competitive interactions showed a negative relationship with exotic richness at small/intermediate scales (≤32 km). Rainfall and temperature heterogeneity contributed to the positive NTERR at the largest scale. Adjacent exotic grassland cover had a positive relationship with exotic richness across all scales but did not prevent the NTERR from reversing. Main conclusions: Our analysis shows the importance of considering vegetation structure and adjacent land covers, along with spatial heterogeneity and climatic factors, when testing the biotic resistance hypothesis in forest ecosystems. There is a clear indication that biotic resistance is primarily driven by native trees in the overstorey, probably by limiting resources available to ground tier plants. The results support the notion that the NERR is driven by competitive interspecific interactions at small spatial scales and by habitat heterogeneity at larger scales.
dc.identifier.citationRossignaud L, Kimberley MO, Kelly D, Fei S, Brockerhoff EG (2022). Effects of competition and habitat heterogeneity on native-exotic plant richness relationships across spatial scales. Diversity and Distributions. 28(5). 1093-1104.
dc.identifier.doihttp://doi.org/10.1111/ddi.13516
dc.identifier.issn1366-9516
dc.identifier.issn1472-4642
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10092/108031
dc.languageen
dc.publisherWiley
dc.rightsAll rights reserved unless otherwise stated
dc.rights.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10092/17651
dc.subjectbiological invasions
dc.subjectbiotic resistance
dc.subjectexotic grassland
dc.subjectground cover
dc.subjectland cover
dc.subjectnative forest
dc.subjectrainfall
dc.subjectspecies richness
dc.subjecttemperature
dc.subjecttree basal area
dc.subject.anzsrc05 Environmental Sciences
dc.subject.anzsrc06 Biological Sciences
dc.subject.anzsrc31 - Biological sciences
dc.subject.anzsrc41 - Environmental sciences
dc.titleEffects of competition and habitat heterogeneity on native-exotic plant richness relationships across spatial scales
dc.typeJournal Article
uc.collegeCollege of Science
uc.departmentSchool of Biological Sciences
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