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    Supplementation of blackcurrant anthocyanins increased cyclic glycine-proline in the cerebrospinal fluid of Parkinson patients: Potential treatment to improve insulin-like growth factor-1 function (2018)

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    Type of Content
    Journal Article
    UC Permalink
    http://hdl.handle.net/10092/16472
    
    Publisher's DOI/URI
    https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10060714
    
    ISSN
    2072-6643
    2072-6643
    Language
    English
    Collections
    • Science: Journal Articles [1104]
    Authors
    Fan D
    Alamri Y
    Liu K
    Harris P
    Brimble M
    Dalrymple-Alford J
    Prickett T
    Menzies O
    Laurenson A
    Anderson T
    Guan J
    MacAskill M
    show all
    Abstract

    © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Background: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) function is impaired in Parkinson disease. Cyclic glycine-proline (cGP), a metabolite of IGF-1, is neuroprotective through improving IGF-1 function. Parkinson disease patients score lower on Hospital-associated Anxiety and Depression Scale after supplementing blackcurrant anthocyanins (BCA), which may be associated with IGF-1 function. We evaluated the changes of cGP and IGF-1 before and after the supplementation. Methods: Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were collected from 11 male patients before and after 28 day supplementation of BCA. The concentrations of IGF-1, IGF binding protein (IGFBP)-3, and cGP were measured using ELISA and HPLC-MS assays. The presence of cGP in the BCA was evaluated. Results: cGP presented in the BCA. BCA supplementation increased the concentration of cGP (p < 0.01), but not IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 in the CSF. CSF concentration of cGP was correlated with plasma concentration of cGP (R = 0.68, p = 0.01) and cGP/IGF-1 molar ratio (R = 0.66, p = 0.01). The CSF/plasma ratio was high in cGP and low in IGF-1 and IGFBP-3. Conclusion: cGP is a natural nutrient to the BCA. The increased CSF cGP in Parkinson disease patients may result from the central uptake of plasma cGP. Given neurotrophic function, oral availability, and effective central uptake of cGP, the BCA has the potential to be developed to treat neurological conditions with IGF-1 deficiency.

    Keywords
    Humans; Ribes; Fruit; Parkinson Disease; Anthocyanins; Peptides, Cyclic; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; Antiparkinson Agents; Treatment Outcome; Time Factors; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Middle Aged; New Zealand; Male; Biomarkers; cyclic Glycine-Proline (cGP); bioavailability of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1); blackcurrant anthocyanins; autocrine regulation; cerebrospinal fluid; central uptake
    ANZSRC Fields of Research
    11 - Medical and Health Sciences::1109 - Neurosciences::110903 - Central Nervous System
    11 - Medical and Health Sciences::1103 - Clinical Sciences::110308 - Geriatrics and Gerontology
    11 - Medical and Health Sciences::1111 - Nutrition and Dietetics::111199 - Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified
    03 - Chemical Sciences::0304 - Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry::030499 - Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified
    42 - Health sciences::4208 - Traditional, complementary and integrative medicine::420899 - Traditional, complementary and integrative medicine not elsewhere classified
    32 - Biomedical and clinical sciences::3214 - Pharmacology and pharmaceutical sciences::321402 - Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
    Rights
    © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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