In alpine areas, human waste can cause considerable environmental and cultural harm, as well as posing a potential risk to human health (Apollo, 2017; Cilimburg, Monz, & Kehoe, 2000; Ells & Monz, 2011; Stevenson, Allen, Mendez, Sellars, & Gould, 2020). Leave No Trace (LNT) is a globally accepted minimum environmental impact program which encourages ‘pack it in, pack it out’ waste management principles to all users of outdoor area (Marion, 2014; https://lnt.org). For human waste LNT promotes messages such as “never miss an opportunity to use a proper toilet facility” and if there are no toilets, “be prepared and know how and where to dig a hole and bury (cathole) or when to carry it out” (https://leavenotrace.org.nz/dispose-of-waste-properly/). Worldwide, many alpine and wilderness areas require that all solid human waste must be carried out of the area, for example Guadalupe Mountains National Park (National Parks Service, 2023) and Mt Everest (Wood, 2024).