Training mental imagery skills of elite athletes in virtual reality

Type of content
Journal Article
Thesis discipline
Degree name
Publisher
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Language
Date
2023
Authors
Wu Y
Lukosch, Stephan
Lukosch H
Lindeman R
McKee R
Fukuden S
Ross C
Collins D
Abstract

Mental imagery practice is widely used to help athletes prepare for competitions, as it can produce motor actions that enhance performance. The goal of imagery training for athletes is to create realistic images in their minds and to familiarize them with certain procedures, environments, and other aspects related to competition. Traditional imagery training methods use still images or videos, and athletes study the pictures or watch the videos in order to mentally rehearse. However, factors such as distractions and low realism can affect the training quality. In this paper, we present a Virtual Reality (VR) solution and a study that explores our hypotheses that H1: high-fidelity VR systems improve mental imagery skills, that H2: the presence of elements such as virtual onlookers or photographers in the VR environment arouse stronger emotional reactions and affect, and that H3: the presence of elements such as onlookers or photographers in the VR environment results in better mental imagery skill improvement. For that purpose, seven elite snow sports athletes were exposed to three training methods, Video, VR-Empty, and VR-Crowded. Our results show that a VR simulation with virtual onlookers (VR-Crowded) can significantly increase heart rate, which can induce increased emotional arousal. The results from validated questionnaires show no significant difference for the three training methods in terms of mental imagery and affect, but the results show an ascending trend for the athlete’s arousal from Video to the VR-Crowded condition. Gaze detection heat maps of interest areas for the two VR conditions support hypothesis H2 that environmental factors such as the presence of photographers, staff, and onlookers can increase head and eye movement, possibly indicating an increase in emotional arousal during imagery training. According to verbal feedback and interviews, athletes are more likely to use innovative training methods (e.g., the high-fidelity VR method) than traditional video-training methods

Description
Citation
Wu Y, Lukosch S, Lukosch H, Lindeman R, McKee R, Fukuden S, Ross C, Collins D (2023). Training mental imagery skills of elite athletes in virtual reality. Frontiers in Virtual Reality. 4.
Keywords
Virtual Reality (VR), mental imagery, positive and negative affect, sports training, elite athletes
Ngā upoko tukutuku/Māori subject headings
ANZSRC fields of research
42 - Health sciences::4207 - Sports science and exercise
52 - Psychology::5201 - Applied and developmental psychology::520107 - Sport and exercise psychology
46 - Information and computing sciences::4607 - Graphics, augmented reality and games::460708 - Virtual and mixed reality
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