Preliminary observations of the sequence of damage in excised human juvenile cranial bone at speeds equivalent to falls from 1.6 m

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dc.contributor.authorBrooks T
dc.contributor.authorZwirner J
dc.contributor.authorHammer N
dc.contributor.authorOndruschka B
dc.contributor.authorJermy M
dc.date.accessioned2020-11-06T01:13:14Z
dc.date.available2020-11-06T01:13:14Z
dc.date.issued2020en
dc.date.updated2020-09-02T04:02:49Z
dc.description.abstractThere is much debate within the forensic community around the indications that suggest a head injury sustained by a child resulted from abusive head trauma, rather than from accidental causes, especially when a fall from low height is the explanation given by a caregiver. To better understand this problem, finite element models of the paediatric head have been and continue to be developed. These models require material models that fit the behaviour of paediatric head tissues under dynamic loading conditions. Currently, the highest loading rate for which skull data exists is 2.81 ms-1 19 . This study improves on this by providing preliminary experimental data for a loading rate of 5.65 ± 0.14 ms-1 20 , equivalent to a fall of 1.6 m. Eleven specimens of paediatric cranial bone (frontal, occipital, parietal and temporal) from seven donors (age range 3 weeks – 18 years) were tested in three-point bending with an impactor of radius 2 mm. It was found that prompt brittle fracture with virtually no bending occurring in all specimens but those aged 3 weeks old, where bending preceded brittle fracture. The maximum impact force increased with age (or thickness) and was higher in occipital bone. Energy absorbed to failure followed a similar trend, with values 0.11 and 0.35 mJ/mm3 for age three-weeks, agreeing with previously published static tests, increasing with age up to 9 mJ/mm3 for 18-year-old occipital bone. The preliminary data provided here can help analysts improve pediatric head finite element models that can be used to provide better predictions of the nature of head injuries from both a biomechanical and forensic point of view.en
dc.identifier.citationBrooks T, Zwirner J, Hammer N, Ondruschka B, Jermy M Preliminary observations of the sequence of damage in excised human juvenile cranial bone at speeds equivalent to falls from 1.6 m. International Journal of Legal Medicine.en
dc.identifier.doihttp://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-020-02409-7
dc.identifier.issn0937-9827
dc.identifier.issn1437-1596
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10092/101225
dc.languageen
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherSpringer Science and Business Media LLCen
dc.rightsAll rights reserved unless otherwise stateden
dc.rights.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10092/17651en
dc.subjectpediatricen
dc.subjectchildrenen
dc.subjectimpacten
dc.subjectbiomechanicsen
dc.subjecthead injuryen
dc.subject.anzsrc0399 Other Chemical Sciencesen
dc.subject.anzsrc0699 Other Biological Sciencesen
dc.subject.anzsrc1103 Clinical Sciencesen
dc.subject.anzsrcFields of Research::32 - Biomedical and clinical sciences::3213 - Paediatrics::321302 - Infant and child healthen
dc.subject.anzsrcFields of Research::32 - Biomedical and clinical sciences::3208 - Medical physiology::320802 - Human biophysicsen
dc.subject.anzsrcFields of Research::40 - Engineering::4003 - Biomedical engineering::400303 - Biomechanical engineeringen
dc.titlePreliminary observations of the sequence of damage in excised human juvenile cranial bone at speeds equivalent to falls from 1.6 men
dc.typeJournal Articleen
uc.collegeFaculty of Engineering
uc.departmentMechanical Engineering
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