Ball-milled, solvent-free Sn-functionalisation of wood waste biochar for sugar conversion in food waste valorisation

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dc.contributor.authorYang, Xiao
dc.contributor.authorYu, Iris K.M.
dc.contributor.authorTsang, Daniel C.W.
dc.contributor.authorBudarin, V.L.
dc.contributor.authorClark, J.H.
dc.contributor.authorWu, K.C.W.
dc.contributor.authorYip, Alex
dc.contributor.authorGao, B.
dc.contributor.authorLam, S.S.
dc.contributor.authorOk, Y.S.
dc.date.accessioned2020-06-09T05:09:36Z
dc.date.available2020-06-09T05:09:36Z
dc.date.issued2020en
dc.date.updated2020-05-25T00:53:49Z
dc.description.abstractA solvent-free ball milling protocol was investigated for synthesizing sustainable Sn-functionalized biochars for glucose isomerization to fructose. Raw wood biomass (W) and its derived biochars pyrolyzed at low (LB, 400 °C) and high (HB, 750 °C) temperatures were investigated as catalyst supports. This study emphasized that the interactions between Sn and the carbonaceous supports were related to the surface chemistry of the catalysts. Functional group-enriched surfaces provide more active sites for anchoring Sn, resulting in a high loading on the biochar support. Sn was primarily bound with W via surface complexation or precipitation, while it mainly interacted with LB and HB via physical adsorption. The annealing temperature was another critical factor that affected the concentrations and nature of the species of loaded Sn. Catalytic conversion experiments indicated that SnW annealed at 750 °C exhibited the best fructose yield (12.8 mol%) and selectivity (20.2 mol%) at 160 °C in 20 min. The catalytic activity was correlated to the amount and nature of active Sn sites. Reusability tests revealed a noticeable increase in product selectivity compared to pristine materials, despite a compromise in product yield. This study elucidated the roles of the carbon support and annealing temperature for synthesizing biochar-supported catalysts, highlighting a simple and green approach for designing effective solid catalysts for sustainable biorefineries.en
dc.identifier.citationYang X, Yu IKM, Tsang DCW, Budarin VL, Clark JH, Wu KCW, Yip ACK, Gao B, Lam SS, Ok YS (2020). Ball-milled, solvent-free Sn-functionalisation of wood waste biochar for sugar conversion in food waste valorisation. Journal of Cleaner Production. 122300-122300.en
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122300
dc.identifier.issn0959-6526
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10092/100210
dc.languageEnglish
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherElsevier BVen
dc.rightsCC BY-NC-NDen
dc.rights.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10092/17651en
dc.subjectsolvent-free synthesisen
dc.subjectheterogeneous catalysisen
dc.subjectmetal-functionalized biocharen
dc.subjectmetal-carbon interactionsen
dc.subjectsustainable waste managementen
dc.subject.anzsrcFields of Research::40 - Engineering::4004 - Chemical engineering::400408 - Reaction engineering (excl. nuclear reactions)en
dc.subject.anzsrcField of Research::09 - Engineering::0907 - Environmental Engineering::090703 - Environmental Technologiesen
dc.titleBall-milled, solvent-free Sn-functionalisation of wood waste biochar for sugar conversion in food waste valorisationen
dc.typeJournal Articleen
uc.collegeFaculty of Engineering
uc.departmentChemical and Process Engineering
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