Magnesium oxide (MgO) has a wide range of applications in civil engineering, agriculture, paint, and medicine. It can be used to produce refractory bricks, cement, and insulators for fire-resistant cables. In medicine, MgO is used to produce milk of magnesia as laxatives, antacids, and cathartics. The primary production of MgO is from two different sources. The principal source of material for the production of MgO is through thermal decomposition of magnesite. The secondary method of recovering magnesium is from seawater, brine, and wells through electrolytic precipitation. Both methods have a high energy consumption. Also, the thermal decomposition of magnesite emits large amounts of carbon dioxide. Globally, approximately 2-3 trillion tonnes of magnesium silicate mineral deposits are available. In this work, we are investigating MgO extraction from olivine – a mineral which has a substantial amount of MgO and is found globally in mafic and ultramafic rocks. Our approach is to extract MgO from olivine through a combination of milling, acid leaching, and precipitation, with the goal of finding an economic, low-emissions process. We describe a proof-of-principle, lab-scale process whereby olivine was dry milled using a planetary mill and screened to obtained 80% passing +75µm. Leaching was done in 2 M hydrochloric acid solution at 1:10 solid/liquid ratio and 80°C for 1 hour. The resulting solution contains silicic acid, iron and other metal hydroxide as impurities, and were precipitated using Mg(OH)2 slurry. The precipitates were centrifuged to separate solid from the solution to obtain magnesium chloride and the water was evaporated at 150 °C to dryness. The resulting MgCl2 solids were calcined at the following temperatures 550 °C, 650 °C, 750 °C, 850 °C to produce MgO. The MgO produced was characterised by XRD, TGA, XRF, BET and SEM. The MgO extraction by this method has a purity of 84%, suitable as a cement for civil engineering applications and raw material for carbon dioxide sequestration through mineralisation.