The expansion of British India during the second Mahratta war The strategic, logistic and political difficulties of the 2nd Anglo-Mahratta campaign of General Lake and Arthur Wellesley primarily against Dawlut Rao Scindia and Bhonsla Rajah of Berar

Abstract

The period of British colonialism and the expansion of British influence in India occurred over a number of years. This research paper focuses primarily on the period from 1798 to 1805, with particular reference to the period of conflict in 1803. While many aspects of this period are well known, a number of less well recognised influences have had considerable impact on the capacity for British expansionism. This research paper examines the influence of the second Anglo-Mahratta wars, and in particular of the simultaneous campaigns of General Lake and Arthur Wellesley, primarily against Dawlut Rao Scindia and Bhonsla, Rajah of Berar. These campaigns have particular political and military significance, and mark a change in Anglo-Indian relations. The military strategies, intentions and outcomes of these are discussed, and recognition given to the innovations in regard to logistics and warfare. These elements were central to the expansion of British influence as they resulted in both the acceptance of the British as a great martial power, and helped to create a myth of the invincibility of British arms. From a political perspective these campaigns in particular also legitimised British power in India, as they defeated their rival powers, discredited the French, and brought the Moghul Emperor and his chief minister the Peshwa under British protection. The primary source material available for this research consisted of military despatches and documents of colonial government. These sources granted insight into the role of the British political and military bodies within India at a command level.