Investigation into the suitability of pumped hydro and its impacts

Abstract

New Zealand is striving towards reductions in greenhouse gas emissions to aid in the effort to limit the continuation of climate change. Currently, the electricity sector utilises the burning of fossil fuels in thermal plants ('peakers') to meet consumers' needs during peak demand periods. Thisreleases substantial amounts of carbon emissions. The role of thermal plants is reliable energy storage and flexible electricity generation. The flexibility in generation is the ability to generate electricity when needed during peak demand periods. Contact Energy has sought alternatives to thermal peakers. Pumped hydro is presented as the best alternative. The Clutha River hosts all of Contact Energy's hydro assets so is the logical location to add pumped hydro. A simple empirical model of the river chain and financial considerations was completed. It is clear there is substantial merit in development of pumped hydro as part of Contact Energy's generation portfolio and New Zealand's goals to lower greenhouse gas emissions.