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The UC Research Repository collects, stores and makes available original research from postgraduate students, researchers and academics based at the University of Canterbury.
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Recent Submissions
Artificial intelligence and its applications to the digital holographic interferometry (DHI) reconstruction algorithm.
(2024) Stephens, Caelan
Artificial intelligence (AI), although widely known for many decades, has experienced a meteoric
rise in popularity due to technological innovations, with many industries and entities utilising AI
programs for various use cases, including within medicine. In this research, artificial intelligence
is applied to the digital holographic interferometry (DHI) reconstruction process to improve upon
the standard methods used. Standard methods of performing this process frequently encounter
errors during specific steps, such as phase unwrapping, when significant noise is present in the
optical system. Through the use of the Pix2Pix generative adversarial network, it was shown to be
possible to train an AI capable of unwrapping the phase of wrapped images of varying complexities.
Additionally, it was shown that after being trained on a dataset of image pairs containing
some amount of noise in the input images while the output images were free of noise, an AI was
capable of maintaining acceptable accuracy in the presence of a significant amount of speckle noise
(σ = 0.8).
Together, these aspects of the AI’s capabilities showed that such an AI has great potential to
outperform the standard algorithms used in the phase unwrapping step of the DHI reconstruction
process.
Sensor-Based Pavement Layer Change Detection Using Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM)
(IOP Publishing, 2022) Patel , Tirth; Guo, Hongwei; Zou , Yang; van der Walt, Jacobus Daniel; Li, Yu
During construction, pavement projects often suffer from a lack of progress certainty, which leads to cost and time overruns. The pavement construction progress should be monitored in a timely and accurate manner to provide prompt feedback and ensure project success. However, current pavement construction progress monitoring practices (e.g., data collection, processing and analysis) are manual, time-consuming, tedious, inconsistent, subjective and error-prone. The previous research study was limited to only incremental road construction progress measurement. This preliminary study proposes a novel sensor-based method to identify pavement layer changes during construction using a time series algorithm for the approach development of automated as-built measurement of road construction. In this study, data were collected from generating various road construction scenarios in a controlled environment by simulating layer changes using a ground vehicle equipped with a laser ToF (time-of-flight) distance-ranging sensor. Subsequently, Long Short Term Memory (LSTM) was utilized on collected data for feature detection as 'layer up', 'layer down' and 'layer not changed' to classify road layer change. The experimental result demonstrates 84.91% as a promising overall average accuracy of road layer change classification on the control environment data, confirming the potential implementation suitability to detect pavement layers in real pavement construction projects. However, low-performance measures (low precision, recall and F1 score) of layer up and layer down suggest further improvement to enhance the robustness of the proposed model. This method can be extended to automate pavement construction progress monitoring by validating the proposed approach in a real case.
Buckling Restrained Braces - Issues and Solutions
(2023) MacRae , G. A.; Lee, Chin-Long
This paper describes some design issues relating to buckling restrained braced frames
(BRBFs) including: (i) BRB system capacity under both axial compression and out-of-plane
(OOP) frame deformations, (ii) BRB demand estimation, (iii) brace inertial effects, (iv) gusset
plate (GP) weld strength, (v) frame element requirements near the gusset plate, (vi) frame
ratchetting considerations, (vii) frame demands, (viii) load paths into the frame, and (ix) BRB
quality control.
Methods to address these issues are proposed. As part of this, a simple method for BRB
system design considering BRB stability and frame out-of-plane deformation effects is
described. The method seeks to prevent yielding in the BRB system except for within the core
inside the BRB restrainer/casing. It uses standard equations with which engineers are familiar.
The method discourages brace/gusset plate regions which are too flexible (where instability
may occur as a result of axial force), or which are too stiff (where yielding may occur due to
out-of-plane frame deformations thereby compromising the performance in later in-plane
deformation cycles).
A Literature Review on Remedial Reading Teachers: The Gaps in the Philippine Context
(UKI Press, online-publication-date) Bautista, Judy; Gatcho , Al Ryanne G.
Remedial reading teachers are forerunners in elevating the reading achievement of students in schools. In the Philippines, there has been a continual enrichment of the reading skills of struggling readers through the initiatives of remedial reading teachers. However, the country does not have clear policies on the identities, roles, challenges, and needs of such teachers. This paper presents a review of the literature on remedial reading teachers. The results revealed that remedial reading teachers performed various roles in schools and that the cultivation of the roles and duties of remedial reading teachers rely so much on different factors, some of which are knowledge and the skills that they have, philosophical views in education and the whole school community, the rapport that remedial reading teachers have with their colleagues, the support of the administrators to their personal and career developments, and provisions of the local government. It was also evident in the review that literature and studies are scarce regarding remedial reading teachers in the Philippines, thus, suggesting to explore on the what's and the how's of remedial reading teachers in a hope of creating clear policies that will strengthen their identities and support their professional developments.
The European Union in the Pacific: Solidarity to Strategic Interest?
(2024) Doidge, Mathew