Jacobs-Sera DAbad LAAlvey RMAnders KRAull HGBhalla SSBlumer LSBollivar DWAlfred Bonilla JButela KACoomans RJCresawn SGD'Elia TDiaz ADivens AMEdgington NPFrederick GDGainey MDGarlena RAGrant KWGurney SMRHughes LEKenna MAKlyczek KKKotturi HMavrich TNMcKinney ALMerkhofer ECParker JMMolloy SDMonti DLPape-Zambito DAPollenz RSPope WHReyna NSRinehart CARussell DAShaffer CDSivanathan VStoner THStukey JNicole Sunnen CTolsma SSTsourkas PKWallen JRWare VCWarner MHWashington JMWestover KMWhitefleet-Smith JALWiersma-Koch HIWilliams DCZack KMHatfull GFHendrickson, Heather2022-08-122022-08-122020Jacobs-Sera D, Abad LA, Alvey RM, Anders KR, Aull HG, Bhalla SS, Blumer LS, Bollivar DW, Alfred Bonilla J, Butela KA, Coomans RJ, Cresawn SG, D'Elia T, Diaz A, Divens AM, Edgington NP, Frederick GD, Gainey MD, Garlena RA, Grant KW, Gurney SMR, Hendrickson HL, Hughes LE, Kenna MA, Klyczek KK, Kotturi H, Mavrich TN, McKinney AL, Merkhofer EC, Parker JM, Molloy SD, Monti DL, Pape-Zambito DA, Pollenz RS, Pope WH, Reyna NS, Rinehart CA, Russell DA, Shaffer CD, Sivanathan V, Stoner TH, Stukey J, Nicole Sunnen C, Tolsma SS, Tsourkas PK, Wallen JR, Ware VC, Warner MH, Washington JM, Westover KM, Whitefleet-Smith JAL, Wiersma-Koch HI, Williams DC, Zack KM, Hatfull GF (2020). Genomic diversity of bacteriophages infecting Microbacterium spp. PLoS ONE. 15(6). e0234636-.1932-6203https://hdl.handle.net/10092/104168The bacteriophage population is vast, dynamic, old, and genetically diverse. The genomics of phages that infect bacterial hosts in the phylum Actinobacteria show them to not only be diverse but also pervasively mosaic, and replete with genes of unknown function. To further explore this broad group of bacteriophages, we describe here the isolation and genomic characterization of 116 phages that infect Microbacterium spp. Most of the phages are lytic, and can be grouped into twelve clusters according to their overall relatedness; seven of the phages are singletons with no close relatives. Genome sizes vary from 17.3 kbp to 97.7 kbp, and their G+C% content ranges from 51.4% to 71.4%, compared to ~67% for their Microbacterium hosts. The phages were isolated on five different Microbacterium species, but typically do not efficiently infect strains beyond the one on which they were isolated. These Microbacterium phages contain many novel features, including very large viral genes (13.5 kbp) and unusual fusions of structural proteins, including a fusion of VIP2 toxin and a MuF-like protein into a single gene. These phages and their genetic components such as integration systems, recombineering tools, and phage-mediated delivery systems, will be useful resources for advancing Microbacterium genetics.enAll rights reserved unless otherwise statedActinobacteriaBacteriophagesViral Fusion ProteinsDNA, ViralGenomicsPhylogenyBase CompositionGenes, ViralGenome, ViralGenetic VariationJournal Article2022-05-09Fields of Research::31 - Biological sciences::3107 - Microbiology::310701 - BacteriologyFields of Research::31 - Biological sciences::3107 - Microbiology::310704 - Microbial geneticsFields of Research::31 - Biological sciences::3107 - Microbiology::310706 - VirologyFields of Research::31 - Biological sciences::3105 - Genetics::310509 - Genomicshttp://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234636