Moore, S.M.Moorhead, K.T.Chase, GeoffDavid, T.Fink, J.2007-07-132007-07-132005Moore, S.M., Moorhead, K.T., Chase, J.G., David, T., Fink, J. (2005) 1D and 3D models of cerebrovascular flow. Journal of Biomechanical Engineering, 127(3), pp. 440-449.1528-8951http://hdl.handle.net/10092/205The Circle of Willis is a ring-like structure of blood vessels found beneath the hypothalamus at the base of the brain. Its main function is to distribute oxygen-rich arterial blood to the cerebral mass. One-dimensional (1D) and three-dimensional (3D) Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models of the Circle of Willis have been created to provide a simulation tool which could be used to replicate clinical scenarios, such as occlusions in afferent arteries and absent circulus vessels. Both models capture cerebral haemodynamic auto-regulation using a Proportional-Integral (PI) controller to modify efferent artery resistances to maintain optimal efferent flowrates for a given circle geometry and afferent blood pressure. The models can be used to identify at-risk cerebral arterial geometries and conditions prior to surgery or other clinical procedures. The 1D model is particularly relevant in this instance, with its fast solution time suitable for real-time clinical decisions. Results show excellent correlation between models for the transient efferent flux profile. The assumption of strictly Poiseuille flow in the 1D model allows more flow through the geometrically extreme communicating arteries than the 3D model. This discrepancy was overcome by increasing the resistance to flow in the Anterior Communicating Artery in the 1D model to better match the resistance seen in the 3D results.encircle of Williscerebral haemodynamicscomputational modelauto-regulationPI controllerJournal ArticleFields of Research::290000 Engineering and Technology::290500 Mechanical and Industrial Engineering::290501 Mechanical engineeringFields of Research::290000 Engineering and Technology::291800 Interdisciplinary Engineering::291801 Fluidisation and fluid mechanicsFields of Research::270000 Biological Sciences::270600 Physiology::270699 Physiology not elsewhere classified