Estimating afterload, systemic vascular resistance and pulmonary vascular resistance in an intensive care setting
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Abstract
Poor management and delayed diagnosis for both pulmonary embolism and septic shock are common and lead to increased cost, length of stay and mortality. Despite a wealth of information coming from commonly placed catheters much of this information remains unknown to an intensive care clinician. Data was gather from two porcine trials, 5 subjects induced with pulmonary embolism, and 5 with septic shock (treated with haemofiltration). Methods for real-time estimating afterload, systemic vascular resistance and pulmonary vascular resistance are presented. Knowledge of these parameters would greatly increase management of patients with pulmonary embolism and septic shock, and help the accuracy and speed of diagnosis. All estimations tracked trends very well. The estimating for afterload has a percentage error of 21.6% in pulmonary embolism and 11.8% in septic shock, systemic vascular resistance has a percentage error of 12.51% and 13.5% for pulmonary embolism and septic shock respectively while pulmonary vascular resistance showed percentage errors of 12.2% and 44.5%. From these estimations, the drop in systemic vascular resistance and afterload can be clearly identified in the septic shock cohort, as well as the recovery after haemofiltration was started, while the pulmonary embolism cohort showed the expected increase in pulmonary vascular resistance.