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    Formaldehyde in the Tropical Western Pacific: Chemical Sources and Sinks, Convective Transport, and Representation in CAM-Chem and the CCMI Models (2017)

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    Type of Content
    Journal Article
    UC Permalink
    http://hdl.handle.net/10092/15761
    
    Publisher's DOI/URI
    https://doi.org/10.1002/2016JD026121
    
    ISSN
    2169-897X
    2169-8996
    Collections
    • Science: Journal Articles [1192]
    Authors
    Anderson DC
    Nicely JM
    Wolfe GM
    Hanisco TF
    Salawitch RJ
    Canty TP
    Dickerson RR
    Apel EC
    Baidar S
    Bannan TJ
    Blake NJ
    Chen D
    Dix B
    Fernandez RP
    Hall SR
    Hornbrook RS
    Gregory Huey L
    Josse B
    Jöckel P
    Kinnison DE
    Koenig TK
    Le Breton M
    Marécal V
    Morgenstern O
    Oman LD
    Pan LL
    Percival C
    Plummer D
    Revell LE
    Rozanov E
    Saiz-Lopez A
    Stenke A
    Sudo K
    Tilmes S
    Ullmann K
    Volkamer R
    Weinheimer AJ
    Zeng G
    show all
    Abstract

    ©2017. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved. Formaldehyde (HCHO) directly affects the atmospheric oxidative capacity through its effects on HO x . In remote marine environments, such as the tropical western Pacific (TWP), it is particularly important to understand the processes controlling the abundance of HCHO because model output from these regions is used to correct satellite retrievals of HCHO. Here we have used observations from the Convective Transport of Active Species in the Tropics (CONTRAST) field campaign, conducted during January and February 2014, to evaluate our understanding of the processes controlling the distribution of HCHO in the TWP as well as its representation in chemical transport/climate models. Observed HCHO mixing ratios varied from ~500 parts per trillion by volume (pptv) near the surface to ~75 pptv in the upper troposphere. Recent convective transport of near surface HCHO and its precursors, acetaldehyde and possibly methyl hydroperoxide, increased upper tropospheric HCHO mixing ratios by ~33% (22 pptv); this air contained roughly 60% less NO than more aged air. Output from the CAM-Chem chemistry transport model (2014 meteorology) as well as nine chemistry climate models from the Chemistry-Climate Model Initiative (free-running meteorology) are found to uniformly underestimate HCHO columns derived from in situ observations by between 4 and 50%. This underestimate of HCHO likely results from a near factor of two underestimate of NO in most models, which strongly suggests errors in NO x emissions inventories and/or in the model chemical mechanisms. Likewise, the lack of oceanic acetaldehyde emissions and potential errors in the model acetaldehyde chemistry lead to additional underestimates in modeled HCHO of up to 75 pptv (~15%) in the lower troposphere.

    ANZSRC Fields of Research
    37 - Earth sciences::3701 - Atmospheric sciences::370104 - Atmospheric composition, chemistry and processes
    04 - Earth Sciences::0401 - Atmospheric Sciences::040108 - Tropospheric and Stratospheric Physics
    04 - Earth Sciences::0401 - Atmospheric Sciences::040105 - Climatology (excl. Climate Change Processes)

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