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    Reciprocity in Human-Robot Interaction: A Quantitative Approach Through the Prisoner’s Dilemma and the Ultimatum Game (2016)

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    Accepted version (700.6Kb)
    Type of Content
    Journal Article
    UC Permalink
    https://hdl.handle.net/10092/100798
    
    Publisher's DOI/URI
    http://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-015-0323-x
    
    Publisher
    SPRINGER
    ISSN
    1875-4791
    1875-4805
    Language
    English
    Collections
    • HITLab: Journal Articles [8]
    Authors
    Sandoval, E. B.
    Brandstetter, J.
    Obaid, M.
    Bartneck, Christoph cc
    show all
    Abstract

    Reciprocity is an important factor in human–human interaction, so it can be expected that it should also play a major role in human–robot interaction (HRI). Participants in our study played the Repeated Prisoner’s Dilemma Game (RPDG) and the mini Ultimatum Game (mUG) with robot and human agents, with the agents using either Tit for Tat (TfT) or Random strategies. As part of the study we also measured the perceived personality traits in the agents using the TIPI test after every round of RPDG and mUG. The results show that the participants collaborated more with humans than with a robot, however they tended to be equally reciprocal with both agents. The experiment also showed the TfT strategy as the most profitable strategy; affecting collaboration, reciprocation, profit and joint profit in the game. Most of the participants tended to be fairer with the human agent in mUG. Furthermore, robots were perceived as less open and agreeable than humans. Consciousness, extroversion and emotional stability were perceived roughly the same in humans and robots. TfT strategy became associated with an extroverted and agreeable personality in the agents. We could observe that the norm of reciprocity applied in HRI has potential implications for robot design.

    Citation
    Sandoval EB, Brandstetter J, Obaid M, Bartneck C (2016). Reciprocity in Human-Robot Interaction: A Quantitative Approach Through the Prisoner’s Dilemma and the Ultimatum Game. International Journal of Social Robotics. 8(2). 303-317.
    This citation is automatically generated and may be unreliable. Use as a guide only.
    Keywords
    Science & Technology; Technology; Robotics; Human-robot interaction; Reciprocity; Game theory; Prisoner's Dilemma; Ultimatum Game; Cooperation; RATIONAL COOPERATION; EFFECTIVE CHOICE; SOCIAL DILEMMAS; PERSONALITY; BEHAVIOR; AGENTS; NORM
    ANZSRC Fields of Research
    08 - Information and Computing Sciences::0801 - Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing::080101 - Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics
    08 - Information and Computing Sciences::0806 - Information Systems::080602 - Computer-Human Interaction
    Rights
    All rights reserved unless otherwise stated
    This is a post-peer-review, pre-copyedit version of an article published in International Journal of Social Robotics. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12369-015-0323-x
    http://hdl.handle.net/10092/17651

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